[hardy-l] Tess, a pure woman

[carolyn mcgrath]

Hi Rosemarie, 
 
I agree there are layers of meaning regarding 'feminine tissue': cheek and vagina are both possible readings of the text; that quotation is inconclusive, however, on the question of rape. You did not reply to my suggestion that Tess' testimony is strong evidence against the accusation of rape and I'd be interested to hear from you and others as to how my argument could be countered.
 
In my view, the character and temperament of Tess would be undermined by our not believing her when she says her story is the same as Angel's. We may lay less blame on Tess than she does herself, but that does not constitute rape. Alec's behaviour was unconscionable, but you could argue it was neither premeditated nor forced: he just pressed home an unfair advantage.
 
I do agree the ambiguity is important, in fact it is initially essential to ensure readers' responses to Tess' remain compassionate and sympathetic. Affection for Tess might not be strong enough too early in the story to withstand the shock of her acquiescence; by the time Tess reveals her 'dark secret' to Angel, like all three dairy maids, readers will not hear a word against her. It takes time for Hardy to create this bond between character and reader and it is a triumph to achieve such love for one who admits to having transgressed such a strict social sexual code. Others may maintain the code, but piety, such as Mercy Chant's, is no substitute for the pure of heart. 
 
best wishes
 
Carolyn McGrath